The
National Johne's Demonstration Herd Project (NJDDHP) in the
United States was initiated to evaluate the long-term feasibility
and effectiveness of management-related practices designed to
control Johne's disease on dairy and beef cattle operations.
The NJDDHP was started in 2003, but a few States had demonstration
herds prior to the start of the National Project. The NJDDHP
includes 67 dairy herds and 21 beef herds in 17 states. Adult
populations in these herds range from 35 to more than 4,000
animals. All enrolled herds began with culture-confirmed
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP)
on the operation. Sufficient time since the start of the NJDDHP has
now elapsed such that Johne's testing information on cattle
born since the beginning of the project are becoming available.
Using a generalized estimating equations approach to adjust for
effects of herd and after adjustment for cow age, odds for fecal
shedding at moderate to high levels were significantly less in the
third year of the project compared to the first year
(3rd Year OR=0.73 95% CI 0.56,0.96). Compared with the
first year, significant differences were also noted for both dairy
and beef herds by ELISA test results (Dairy: 2nd Year
OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.65,0.97; 3rd Year OR=0.75 95% CI
0.62,0.91 Beef: 2nd Year OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.59,1.25;
3rd Year OR=0.36, 95% CI 0.24,0.55). These results to
date suggest that herd prevalence has decreased since the beginning
of the project.