Title Sensitivity and specificity of unique 'Multi-species indigenous ELISA kit' with respect to fecal, milk and tissues culture for the diagnosis of Johne's and Crohn's disease in India
Author(s) Singh SV, Singh AV, Singh PK, Sohal JS.
Institution(s) Microbiology Laboratory, Animal Health Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, PO - Farah, District - Mathura (UP), India.
Source Ninth International Colloquium on Paratuberculosis
Section 2: Diagnostic methods and quality assurance
Presentation Poster
Abstract

Three ELISA kits were compared for screening of animals and human beings in India. Kit 1: Indigenous ELISA kit had protoplasmic antigen (PA) from MAP 'Bison type' of goat origin. Kit 2: Antigen (PA) of Kit 1 was replaced with commercial purified protoplasmic antigen (PPA) of MAP 'bovine' origin (Allied Monitor Inc., USA). Kit 3: Commercial ELISA kit for bovines (Pouquier, France). Kit 1 was used as. Serum ELISA kit 1 (s-Kit 1) and milk-ELISA kit 1 (m-Kit 1). Overall sensitivity and specificity of s-Kit 1 with culture (Feces/milk/tissues) was between 28.5-95.6% and 50.0-90.6%, respectively. M-Kit 1 with respect to culture (milk and feces), sensitivity and specificity ranged between 28.5-91.9% and 50.0-75.0%, respectively. Using s-Kit 1 in homologous host, the sensitivity and specificity was 55.5 and 86.3% with respect to fecal culture and were 66.6 and 75.0% with respect to tissues culture, respectively. In advance stages of Johne's disease in a private farm (35 goats and kids with 100% morbidity due JD) with respect to fecal culture, the sensitivity and specificity was, 37.0 and 50.0%, respectively. However, in sheep, the sensitivity and specificity of s-Kit 1 with respect to fecal and tissues culture was variable between 40.0-68.7% and 75.0-90.0%, respectively. In cattle, s-Kit 1, had 50.0 and 90.6%, sensitivity and specificity with respect to fecal culture With respect to milk culture it had sensitivity of 95.6% and specificity could not be determined due to lack of negative samples. Using m-Kit 1, in goats, sensitivity and specificity was, 56.7 and 50.0%, respectively, with respect to milk culture. In cattle, with respect to milk culture, the sensitivity and specificity was 28.5 and 75.0%, respectively. Low correlation with ELISA and culture was due to low conversion of serum globulins to lacto-globulins. In another studies, sensitivities were 90.0 and 90.9%, respectively in milk and fecal culture. However, in human beings, using s-Kit 1, sensitivity and specificity were, 100.0 and 33.3%, respectively. PA in s-Kit 1, detected 10.5 and 46.7% kids positives in farmer's herds, whereas Kit 2 detected, nil and 2.7% kids, respectively. However, in adult farm goats and sheep using s-Kit 1, 25.0 and 43.7% animals were positives, as compared to 17.8 and 25.0% by Kit 2, respectively. In farmer's buffaloes s-Kit 1 detected 58.6% buffaloes positive, whereas, none was positive in Kit 2. In human beings, s-Kit 1 and Kit 2 had 34.0- 42.1 and 30.0-40.7%, positives, respectively, Comparative evaluation of 3 kits on 72 serum samples of farm goats and sheep showed that sensitivity and specificity were, 55.5 and 86.3 and 18.5 and 86.5 and 3.7 and 91.7% in Kit 1, 2 and 3, respectively. S/P ratios showed that Kit 1 in comparison to culture (fecal, tissues, milk) was never over sensitive. Indigenous ELISA kit (Kit 1), was a useful 'Multi-Species kit' for screening of MAP infection in animals and human beings in India.


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